ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the quality of the radial artery for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) from patients with diabetes by observing the morphology of the radial artery and detecting the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) which may attribute to the long-term patency rate of the coronary artery bypass grafting.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Samples from 20 cases of diabetic and non-diabetic patients were prospective collected from June 2009 to December 2010. HE staining technique was used to test the morphology of radial artery through the observation of 20 cases of diabetic and 20 cases of non-diabetic patients who undergone CABG. The intimal thicken of the radial artery in the two groups of patients was compared. Western blot and immunofluorescence were then used to test the expression and location of VEGF in the two groups of patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The radial artery endothelial thickening index and intima/media ratio were significantly higher in the diabetic patients when compared with non-diabetic patients (0.90 ± 0.28 vs. 0.29 ± 0.25, t = 7.27, P < 0.01; 0.90 ± 0.21 vs. 0.37 ± 0.18, t = 8.57, P < 0.01). The expression of VEGF in diabetic patients was significantly higher than non-diabetic patients as revealed by Western blot (1.20 ± 0.21 vs. 0.67 ± 0.15, t = 6.49, P < 0.01). Immunofluorescence showed that VEGF distributed in the cytoplasm of the endothelial cells of diabetic patients radial artery.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Diabetic patient's radial artery intimal thickness is significantly higher than non-diabetic patient's. VEGF may be an important inflammatory cytokine which is leading the radial artery intima thickening in the diabetic patients. The choice of the radial artery grafts in diabetic patients for CABG should be careful.</p>